Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Ph.D. student of Public Administration, Aja Command and Headquarters University (Dafos), Tehran, Iran.
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Industrial Management and Technology, Faculty of Management and Accounting, University of Tehran (Farabi Campus), Qom, Iran
3
Assistant Professor, Department of Financing and Economics of Science, Technology and Innovation, National Science Policy Research Center, Tehran, Iran
4
PhD student of science and technology policy, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
In recent decades, start-up businesses have played a significant role in creating jobs, creating wealth and increasing the gross domestic product of countries and have attracted the attention of many policy makers and decision makers. In order to develop start-up businesses in the country, it is necessary to have an effective ecosystem in accordance with the nature and needs of the society and in line with the national development plans. The purpose of this research is to analyze the role of hard and formal institutions in the development of the ecosystem of start-up businesses in the country. In this regard, the current research is practical from the perspective of goal, descriptive-exploratory and research orientation. Also, qualitative approach and content analysis method using MAXQDA software have been used. The required secondary data were extracted from documents, reports, articles, etc. Primary data was also collected through semi-structured interviews with 14 experts in the field of technology and innovation, and especially experts with experience and knowledge in the field of developing start-up businesses in the country in the second half of 1401. The results indicate that the most attention has been given to the ten dimensions of the ecosystem of new businesses in the laws of the fourth and fifth development programs among the 13 laws proposed in the present study. Also, the minimum amount of attention to these dimensions is in the Law on the Implementation of the Policies of Article 44 of the Constitution and the Law on Patents, Industrial Designs and Trademarks. Also, the most dimensions that are addressed in the thirteen laws, including financing dimensions; Education and Research; innovation and technology; And it is the government. In addition to the dimensions of counseling and support; Promotion; and the market have had the least importance in the mentioned laws. The findings of this research have practical and policy implications and suggestions for policymakers and legislators in this field.
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