Achieving sustainable water resource management necessitates the successful implementation of water policies. However, the Sixth Development Plan in Iran has witnessed a significant shortfall in realizing the intended outcomes of its water policy initiatives. This research delves into the obstacles hindering effective water policy implementation, aiming to identify key challenges and provide recommendations for improvement. Using a mixed-methods approach, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, including scholarly articles and reports focused on water policies within development programs. Additionally, we conducted unstructured interviews with key stakeholders involved in water policy implementation. Through content analysis of this collected data, we identified three primary categories of barriers including Policy Design, Administrative Hurdles, and Executor Capacity Executor Capacity.  Furthermore, the research underscores the critical need for a robust performance evaluation system to monitor and assess the effectiveness of water policies during implementation. Based on the findings, this research offers a set of policy recommendations aimed at enhancing the implementation potential of water policies. These recommendations address improvements in policy design, strengthening administrative capabilities, and enhancing the capacity of implementing agencies. By implementing these recommendations, policymakers can ensure more effective water policy implementation in future development plans, contributing towards the sustainable management of water resources in Iran.